MYTHOLOGICAL VIEWS AND RITUAL SONGS ABOUT STOPPING WIND IN UZBEK FOLKLORE

Abstract

As you know, the Uzbek people are one of the oldest peoples in the world with centuries-old cultural traditions. The roots of material and spiritual cultural pearls go back very far in history. The genre system of Uzbek folklore is very diverse. In the structure of these cultural values, the historical roots of which go back to the discoveries of the artistic thinking of our ancient ancestors, a special place is occupied by calendar ritual folklore associated with the traditional folk calendar. Due to the high development of agricultural culture in Central Asia, peculiar mythological representations appeared, associated with the cults of water and fertility. On this basis, a calendar ritual folklore associated with natural elements was formed in Uzbek folklore. This article analyzes the genetic origins and peculiar verbal components of the "Yalli momo" ritual associated with stopping the wind. Based on the analysis of field folklore records collected from Uzbeks living in the lower Zarafshan oasis, it was concluded that the genetic foundations of the “Yalli momo” ritual arose on the basis of archaic mythological ideas associated with the cult of the wind. Ancient mythological ideas, various magical views, beliefs associated with the idea of ​​fertility, as well as archaic rituals and customs associated with the cults of natural elements are reflected in the ritual songs "Yalli Momo". People have had different attitudes towards witchcraft at different time. If we look at the treatment of witchcraft during the Soviet era alone, we can see how disrespectful and cruel the treatment of witchcraft was, the product of folk wisdom, which has served as a spiritual therapy among the people for thousands of years. Many of our prayers, addressed to the people with different attitudes, were subjected to ruthless repressions. As a result, many of our spells-prayer were forgotten and the disappeared without a trace. This is a sign that the spiritual wealth of the people is not valued, it is trampled. Now the time has changed, the attitude to all examples of folk art has taken on a completely different tone. However, by this time many of our spells-prayer had taken with them a large part of our spiritual wealth to the world of non-existence. Still, one thing to be thankful for is that the people are still a great force. He carefully preserves many things that existed and practiced in his life, especially in his spiritual world. The same can be said of witchcraft. As a result of our many years of searching, the collection of about fifteen types of spells-pray  that we now claim to be extinct can be proof of our point. The size and scope of the collected materials gave them the opportunity to write a special research paper on them[1].1] Salima Mirzaeva. Genre features and art of uzbek people's spells-pray. Tashkent, "istiqlol" -2006